Section 3.3 · Topic 8 of 8

3.3.8 Problems and solutions

Each solution below starts with a short strategy, works through labelled steps, boxes the result and ends with a check. Throughout this subsection the potential and the field are related by

with unless another reference is stated. At the surface of a conductor the normal component of equals the surface charge density, , the normal pointing out of the conductor into the surrounding space (Section 3.2).

← Back to Section 3.3 contents

Electromagnetic Fields and Waves · Prof. Gökhan Çınar© 2026 Gökhan Çınar. All rights reserved. Copyright